Location-Based Emergency Information

ABSTRACT

Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer program products, for location-based emergency information. A current geographic location of a device is determined. One or more first contact information items based on the determined geographic location are received at the device. The first contact information items include one or more contact information items associated with emergency services.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.11/969,152, filed Jan. 3, 2008, which claims priority benefit of U.S.Provisional Application No. 60/946,942, filed Jun. 28, 2007, all ofwhich are incorporated by reference herein their entirety.

BACKGROUND

This specification relates generally to mobile devices.

When a person travels abroad, emergencies can occur. For example, theperson can become injured in an accident, be a victim of a crime, orlose their travel documents. In such situations, having knowledge ofcontact information for local emergency services or the pertinentconsular services can be beneficial.

A person may gather emergency services and consular services informationbefore traveling. However, the process of gathering the information canbe time-consuming, especially if the person's itinerary includes stopsin multiple countries. Given the many preparations a person often makesbefore traveling abroad, a person may neglect to gather the informationentirely. A person may try to rely on local individuals or a phonebookfor emergency services or consular services information while abroad,but such assistance may not be readily available when an emergency doesoccur.

SUMMARY

In general, one aspect of the subject matter described in thisspecification can be embodied in methods that include the actions ofdetermining a current geographic location of a device, and receiving oneor more first contact information items based on the determinedgeographic location, where the first contact information items includeone or more contact information items associated with emergencyservices. Other embodiments of this aspect include correspondingsystems, apparatus, devices, and computer program products.

In general, another aspect of the subject matter described in thisspecification can be embodied in methods that include, at a deviceoperable as a phone, the actions of receiving user input dialing anemergency phone number; determining a geographic location at which thedevice is located; determining whether the dialed emergency phone numberis proper for the determined geographic location; retrieving areplacement emergency phone number based on the determined geographiclocation, if the dialed emergency phone number is determined to beimproper for the determined geographic location; and dialing thereplacement emergency phone number. Other embodiments of this aspectinclude corresponding systems, apparatus, computer program products, andcomputer readable media.

Particular embodiments of the subject matter described in thisspecification can be implemented to realize one or more of the followingadvantages. A device can receive and update location-based contactinformation (e.g., emergency phone numbers, consular services)automatically. A traveler is spared from the task of researchingemergency phone numbers for destination countries before traveling. Atraveler can have the correct emergency phone numbers readily availablewhen an emergency occurs.

The details of one or more embodiments of the subject matter describedin this specification are set forth in the accompanying drawings and thedescription below. Other features, aspects, and advantages of thesubject matter will become apparent from the description, the drawings,and the claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an example mobile device.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an example network operating environmentfor the mobile device of FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an example implementation of the mobiledevice of FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 is a flow diagram illustrating a process for receivinglocation-based contact information.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating an example data structure foraddress book data.

FIG. 6 is a diagram of an example mobile device displaying an emergencydialing object.

Like reference numbers and designations in the various drawings indicatelike elements.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an example mobile device 100. The mobiledevice 100 can be, for example, a handheld computer, a personal digitalassistant, a cellular telephone, a network appliance, a camera, a smartphone, an enhanced general packet radio service (EGPRS) mobile phone, anetwork base station, a media player, a navigation device, an emaildevice, a game console, or other electronic device or a combination ofany two or more of these data processing devices or other dataprocessing devices.

Mobile Device Overview

In some implementations, the mobile device 100 includes atouch-sensitive display 102. The touch-sensitive display 102 canimplement liquid crystal display (LCD) technology, light emittingpolymer display (LPD) technology, or some other display technology. Thetouch-sensitive display 102 can be sensitive to haptic and/or tactilecontact with a user.

In some implementations, the touch-sensitive display 102 can comprise amulti-touch-sensitive display 102. A multi-touch-sensitive display 102can, for example, process multiple simultaneous touch points, includingprocessing data related to the pressure, degree and/or position of eachtouch point. Such processing facilitates gestures and interactions withmultiple fingers, chording, and other interactions. Othertouch-sensitive display technologies can also be used, e.g., a displayin which contact is made using a stylus or other pointing device. Anexample of a multi-touch-sensitive display technology is described inU.S. Pat. Nos. 6,323,846; 6,570,557; 6,677,932; and U.S. PatentPublication No. 2002/0015024A1, each of which is incorporated byreference herein in its entirety.

In some implementations, the mobile device 100 can display one or moregraphical user interfaces on the touch-sensitive display 102 forproviding the user access to various system objects and for conveyinginformation to the user. In some implementations, the graphical userinterface can include one or more display objects 104, 106. Each of thedisplay objects 104, 106 can be a graphic representation of a systemobject. Some examples of system objects include device functions,applications, windows, files, alerts, events, or other identifiablesystem objects.

Example Mobile Device Functionality

In some implementations, the mobile device 100 can implement multipledevice functionalities, such as a telephony device, as indicated by aphone object 110; an e-mail device, as indicated by the e-mail object112; a network data communication device, as indicated by the Web object114; a Wi-Fi base station device (not shown); and a media processingdevice, as indicated by the media player object 116. In someimplementations, particular device objects 104, e.g., the phone object110, the e-mail object 112, the Web object 114, and the media playerobject 116, can be displayed in a menu bar 118. In some implementations,each of the device functionalities can be accessed from a top-levelgraphical user interface, such as the graphical user interfaceillustrated in FIG. 1. Touching one of the objects 110, 112, 114 or 116can, for example, invoke the corresponding functionality.

In some implementations, the mobile device 100 can implement networkdistribution functionality. For example, the functionality can enablethe user to take the mobile device 100 and its associated network whiletraveling. In particular, the mobile device 100 can extend Internetaccess (e.g., via Wi-Fi) to other wireless devices in the vicinity. Forexample, mobile device 100 can be configured as a base station for oneor more devices. As such, mobile device 100 can grant or deny networkaccess to other wireless devices.

In some implementations, upon invocation of particular devicefunctionality, the graphical user interface of the mobile device 100changes, or is augmented or replaced with another user interface or userinterface elements, to facilitate user access to particular functionsassociated with the corresponding device functionality. For example, inresponse to a user touching the phone object 110, the graphical userinterface of the touch-sensitive display 102 may present display objectsrelated to various phone functions; likewise, touching of the emailobject 112 may cause the graphical user interface to present displayobjects related to various e-mail functions; touching the Web object 114may cause the graphical user interface to present display objectsrelated to various Web-surfing functions; and touching the media playerobject 116 may cause the graphical user interface to present displayobjects related to various media processing functions.

In some implementations, the top-level graphical user interfaceenvironment or state of FIG. 1 can be restored by pressing a button 120located near the bottom of the mobile device 100. In someimplementations, each corresponding device functionality may havecorresponding “home” display objects displayed on the touch-sensitivedisplay 102, and the graphical user interface environment of FIG. 1 canbe restored by pressing the “home” display object.

In some implementations, the top-level graphical user interface caninclude additional display objects 106, such as a short messagingservice (SMS) object 130, a calendar object 132, a photos object 134, acamera object 136, a calculator object 138, a stocks object 140, aweather object 142, a maps object 144, a notes object 146, a clockobject 148, an address book object 150, a settings object 152, and anemergency dialing object 154. Touching the SMS display object 130 can,for example, invoke an SMS messaging environment and supportingfunctionality. Touching the emergency dialing object 154 can, forexample, invoke automatic dialing of an emergency phone number or anemergency dialing environment and supporting functionality. Likewise,each selection of a display object 132, 134, 136, 138, 140, 142, 144,146, 148, 150 and 152 can invoke a corresponding object environment andfunctionality.

Additional and/or different display objects can also be displayed in thegraphical user interface of FIG. 1. For example, if the device 100 isfunctioning as a base station for other devices, one or more“connection” objects may appear in the graphical user interface toindicate the connection. In some implementations, the display objects106 can be configured by a user, e.g., a user may specify which displayobjects 106 are displayed, and/or may download additional applicationsor other software that provides other functionalities and correspondingdisplay objects.

In some implementations, the mobile device 100 can include one or moreinput/output (I/O) devices and/or sensor devices. For example, a speaker160 and a microphone 162 can be included to facilitate voice-enabledfunctionalities, such as phone and voice mail functions. In someimplementations, a loud speaker 164 can be included to facilitatehands-free voice functionalities, such as speaker phone functions. Anaudio jack 166 can also be included for use of headphones and/or amicrophone.

In some implementations, a proximity sensor 168 can be included tofacilitate the detection of the user positioning the mobile device 100proximate to the user's ear and, in response, to disengage thetouch-sensitive display 102 to prevent accidental function invocations.In some implementations, the touch-sensitive display 102 can be turnedoff to conserve additional power when the mobile device 100 is proximateto the user's ear.

Other sensors can also be used. For example, in some implementations, anambient light sensor 170 can be utilized to facilitate adjusting thebrightness of the touch-sensitive display 102. In some implementations,an accelerometer 172 can be utilized to detect movement of the mobiledevice 100, as indicated by the directional arrow 174. Accordingly,display objects and/or media can be presented according to a detectedorientation, e.g., portrait or landscape. In some implementations, themobile device 100 may include circuitry and sensors for supporting alocation determining capability, such as that provided by the globalpositioning system (GPS) or other positioning system (e.g., systemsusing Wi-Fi access points, television signals, cellular grids, UniformResource Locators (URLs)). In some implementations, a positioning system(e.g., a GPS receiver) can be integrated into the mobile device 100 orprovided as a separate device that can be coupled to the mobile device100 through an interface (e.g., port device 190) to provide access tolocation-based services.

The mobile device 100 can also include a camera lens and sensor 180. Insome implementations, the camera lens and sensor 180 can be located onthe back surface of the mobile device 100. The camera can capture stillimages and/or video.

The mobile device 100 can also include one or more wirelesscommunication subsystems, such as an 802.11b/g communication device 186,and/or a Bluetooth™ communication device 188. Other communicationprotocols can also be supported, including other 802.x communicationprotocols (e.g., WiMax, Wi-Fi), code division multiple access (CDMA),global system for mobile communications (GSM), Enhanced Data GSMEnvironment (EDGE), 3G (e.g., EV-DO, UMTS, HSDPA), etc.

In some implementations, a port device 190, e.g., a Universal Serial Bus(USB) port, or a docking port, or some other wired port connection, canbe included. The port device 190 can, for example, be utilized toestablish a wired connection to other computing devices, such as othercommunication devices 100, a personal computer, a printer, or otherprocessing devices capable of receiving and/or transmitting data. Insome implementations, the port device 190 allows the mobile device 100to synchronize with a host device using one or more protocols.

Network Operating Environment

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an example network operating environment200 for the mobile device 100 of FIG. 1. The mobile device 100 of FIG. 1can, for example, communicate over one or more wired and/or wirelessnetworks 210 in data communication. For example, a wireless network 212,e.g., a cellular network, can communicate with a wide area network (WAN)214, such as the Internet, by use of a gateway 216. Likewise, an accesspoint 218, such as an 802.11g wireless access point, can providecommunication access to the wide area network 214. In someimplementations, both voice and data communications can be establishedover the wireless network 212 and the access point 218. For example, themobile device 100 a can place and receive phone calls (e.g., using VoIPprotocols), send and receive e-mail messages (e.g., using POP3protocol), and retrieve electronic documents and/or streams, such as webpages, photographs, and videos, over the wireless network 212, gateway216, and wide area network 214 (e.g., using TCP/IP or UDP protocols).Likewise, the mobile device 100 b can place and receive phone calls,send and receive e-mail messages, and retrieve electronic documents overthe access point 218 and the wide area network 214. In someimplementations, the mobile device 100 can be physically connected tothe access point 218 using one or more cables and the access point 218can be a personal computer. In this configuration, the mobile device 100can be referred to as a “tethered” device.

The mobile devices 100 a and 100 b can also establish communications byother means. For example, the wireless device 100 a can communicate withother wireless devices, e.g., other wireless devices 100, cell phones,etc., over the wireless network 212. Likewise, the mobile devices 100 aand 100 b can establish peer-to-peer communications 220, e.g., apersonal area network, by use of one or more communication subsystems,such as the Bluetooth™ communication device 188 shown in FIG. 1. Othercommunication protocols and topologies can also be implemented.

The mobile device 100 can, for example, communicate with one or moreservices 230, 240, 250, 255, and 260 and/or one or more contentpublishes 270 over the one or more wired and/or wireless networks 210.For example, a navigation service 230 can provide navigationinformation, e.g., map information, location information, routeinformation, and other information, to the mobile device 100. In theexample shown, a user of the mobile device 100 b has invoked a mapfunctionality, e.g., by pressing the maps object 144 on the top-levelgraphical user interface shown in FIG. 1, and has requested and receiveda map for the location “1 Infinite Loop, Cupertino, Calif.”

A messaging service 240 can, for example, provide e-mail and/or othermessaging services. A media service 250 can, for example, provide accessto media files, such as song files, movie files, video clips, and othermedia data. A location-based service 255 can, for example, provide dataor content based on a current location of the mobile device 100. One ormore other services 260 can also be utilized by the mobile device 100,including a syncing service, an activation service and a software updateservice that automatically determines whether software updates areavailable for software on the mobile device 100, then downloads thesoftware updates to the mobile device 100 where the updates can bemanually or automatically unpacked and/or installed.

The mobile device 100 can also access other data over the one or morewired and/or wireless networks 210. For example, content publishers 270,such as news sites, RSS feeds, web sites, blogs, social networkingsites, developer networks, etc., can be accessed by the mobile device100. Such access can be provided by invocation of a web browsingfunction or application (e.g., a browser) in response to a user touchingthe Web object 114.

Example Device Architecture

FIG. 3 is a block diagram 300 of an example implementation of the mobiledevice 100 of FIG. 1. The mobile device 100 can include a memoryinterface 302 one or more data processors, image processors and/orcentral processing units 304, and a peripherals interface 306. Thememory interface 302, the one or more processors 304 and/or theperipherals interface 306 can be separate components or can beintegrated in one or more integrated circuits. The various components inthe mobile device 100 can be coupled by one or more communication busesor signal lines.

Sensors, devices and subsystems can be coupled to the peripheralsinterface 306 to facilitate multiple functionalities. For example, amotion sensor 310, a light sensor 312, and a proximity sensor 314 can becoupled to the peripherals interface 306 to facilitate the orientation,lighting and proximity functions described with respect to FIG. 1. Othersensors 316 can also be connected to the peripherals interface 306, suchas a GPS receiver, a temperature sensor, a biometric sensor, or othersensing device, to facilitate related functionalities.

A camera subsystem 320 and an optical sensor 322, e.g., a chargedcoupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS)optical sensor, can be utilized to facilitate camera functions, such asrecording photographs and video clips.

Communication functions can be facilitated through one or more wirelesscommunication subsystems 324, which can include radio frequencyreceivers and transmitters and/or optical (e.g., infrared) receivers andtransmitters. The specific design and implementation of thecommunication subsystem 324 can depend on the communication network(s)over which the mobile device 100 is intended to operate. For example, amobile device 100 may include communication subsystems 324 designed tooperate over a GSM network, a GPRS network, an EDGE network, a 3Gnetwork, a Wi-Fi or WiMax network, and a Bluetooth™ network. Inparticular, the wireless communication subsystems 324 may includehosting protocols such that the device 100 may be configured as a basestation for other wireless devices.

An audio subsystem 326 can be coupled to a speaker 328 and a microphone330 to facilitate voice-enabled functions, such as voice recognition,voice replication, digital recording, and telephony functions.

The I/O subsystem 340 can include a touch screen controller 342 and/orother input controller(s) 344. The touch-screen controller 342 can becoupled to a touch screen 346. The touch screen 346 and touch screencontroller 342 can, for example, detect contact and movement or breakthereof using any of a plurality of touch sensitivity technologies,including but not limited to capacitive, resistive, infrared, andsurface acoustic wave technologies, as well as other proximity sensorarrays or other elements for determining one or more points of contactwith the touch screen 346.

The other input controller(s) 344 can be coupled to other input/controldevices 348, such as one or more buttons, rocker switches, thumb-wheel,infrared port, USB port, and/or a pointer device such as a stylus. Theone or more buttons (not shown) can include an up/down button for volumecontrol of the speaker 328 and/or the microphone 330.

In one implementation, a pressing of the button for a first duration maydisengage a lock of the touch screen 346; and a pressing of the buttonfor a second duration that is longer than the first duration may turnpower to the mobile device 100 on or off. The user may be able tocustomize a functionality of one or more of the buttons. The touchscreen 346 can, for example, also be used to implement virtual or softbuttons and/or a keyboard.

In some implementations, the mobile device 100 can present recordedaudio and/or video files, such as MP3, AAC, and MPEG files. In someimplementations, the mobile device 100 can include the functionality ofan MP3 player, such as an iPod™. The mobile device 100 may, therefore,include a 36-pin connector that is compatible with the iPod. Otherinput/output and control devices can also be used.

The memory interface 302 can be coupled to memory 350. The memory 350can include high-speed random access memory and/or non-volatile memory,such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, one or more opticalstorage devices, and/or flash memory (e.g., NAND, NOR). The memory 350can store an operating system 352, such as Darwin, RTXC, LINUX, UNIX, OSX, WINDOWS, or an embedded operating system such as VxWorks. Theoperating system 352 may include instructions for handling basic systemservices and for performing hardware dependent tasks. In someimplementations, the operating system 352 can be a kernel (e.g., UNIXkernel).

The memory 350 may also store communication instructions 354 tofacilitate communicating with one or more additional devices, one ormore computers and/or one or more servers. The memory 350 may includegraphical user interface instructions 356 to facilitate graphic userinterface processing; sensor processing instructions 358 to facilitatesensor-related processing and functions; phone instructions 360 tofacilitate phone-related processes and functions; electronic messaginginstructions 362 to facilitate electronic-messaging related processesand functions; web browsing instructions 364 to facilitate webbrowsing-related processes and functions; media processing instructions366 to facilitate media processing-related processes and functions;GPS/Navigation instructions 368 to facilitate GPS and navigation-relatedprocesses and instructions; camera instructions 370 to facilitatecamera-related processes and functions; and/or other softwareinstructions 372 to facilitate other related processes and functions.

The memory 350 can also store data, including but not limited todocuments, images, video files, audio files, and other data. In someimplementations, the memory 350 stores address book data 374, which caninclude contact information (e.g., address, phone number, etc.) for oneor more persons, organizations, services, or entities.

In some implementations, the mobile device 100 includes a positioningsystem 318. In various implementations, the positioning system 318 canbe provided by a separate device coupled to the mobile device 100, orcan be provided internal to the mobile device. In some implementations,the positioning system 318 can employ positioning technology including aGPS, a cellular grid, URIs or any other technology for determining thegeographic location of a device. In some implementations, thepositioning system 318 can employ a service provided by a positioningservice such as, for example, SkyHook Wireless of Boston, Mass., orRosum Corporation of Mountain View, Calif. In other implementations, thepositioning system 318 can be provided by an accelerometer and a compassusing dead reckoning techniques. In such implementations, the user canoccasionally reset the positioning system by marking the mobile device'spresence at a known location (e.g., a landmark or intersection). Instill other implementations, the user can enter a set of positioncoordinates (e.g., latitude, longitude) for the mobile device. Forexample, the position coordinates can be typed into the phone (e.g.,using a virtual keyboard) or selected by touching a point on a map.Position coordinates can also be acquired from another device (e.g., acar navigation system) by syncing or linking with the other device. Inother implementations, the positioning system 318 can be provided byusing wireless signal strength and one or more locations of knownwireless signal sources to provide the current location. Wireless signalsources can include access points and/or cellular towers. Othertechniques to determine a current location of the mobile device 100 canbe used and other configurations of the positioning system 318 arepossible.

Each of the above identified instructions and applications cancorrespond to a set of instructions for performing one or more functionsdescribed above. These instructions need not be implemented as separatesoftware programs, procedures or modules. The memory 350 can includeadditional instructions or fewer instructions. Furthermore, variousfunctions of the mobile device 100 may be implemented in hardware and/orin software, including in one or more signal processing and/orapplication specific integrated circuits.

FIG. 4 illustrates a process 400 for receiving location-based contactinformation. For convenience, the process 400 will be described inreference to a device (e.g., device 100) that performs the process 400.

In some implementations, the process 400 begins when a currentgeographic location of the device is determined (402). The device 100obtains its current geographic position. In some implementations, thedevice 100 determines its current location using GPS or any otherpositioning system. In some implementations, the current location, asdetermined using GPS, can be expressed in latitude/longitude. In someimplementations, the device 100 can, optionally, convert thelatitude/longitude of the current location to an address (e.g., country,city) by referencing a database of latitudes/longitudes and locationsthat is stored in the memory 350.

In some other implementations, the device 100 can obtain its geographicposition using other methods. For example, a device 100 can obtain itsposition using cellular phone tower triangulation, Wi-Fi positioning, acombination of GPS and other signals, differential GPS, identificationof location using the Internet Protocol (IP) address, and any othersuitable technologies and techniques.

After the location is obtained, one or more items of contact informationare received based on the determined geographic location (404). Theitems can include an address and/or phone number and an indication ofthe person, organization, service, or entity with which theaddress/phone number are associated. In some implementations, the device100 receives contact information items from a location-based service255. The device 100 sends its determined geographic location to thelocation-based service 255. For devices using GPS receivers, the device100 can send a latitude/longitude or an address (e.g., city and country)to the location-based service 255. In an example implementation, device100 sends the determined location information by sending a request toretrieve information at a Universal Resource Locator (URL) associatedwith the location-based service 255, with the latitude/longitude or theaddress as a parameter in the request. In another exampleimplementation, the device 100 sends the determined location by sendinga text of the latitude/longitude or the address (e.g., in a SMS message)to the location-based service.

The location-based service 255 receives the determined geographiclocation from the device 100. If the device 100 sent alatitude/longitude, the location-based service 255 can convert thelatitude/longitude to an address. The location-based service 255identifies (e.g., in its database) one or more items of contactinformation associated with the location indicated by thelatitude/longitude or address, and transmits the identified items to thedevice 100. In some implementations, the device 100 stores the items inmemory 350 (e.g., in address book data 374).

In some implementations, the contact information items include phonenumbers for emergency services (or “emergency phone numbers”). Thelocation-based service 255 can include data regarding emergency phonenumbers for locations around the world. It is well known that differentcountries can have different phone numbers for contacting emergencyservices. For example, the emergency phone number is “911” in the UnitedStates, “112” in the European Union, “999” or “112” in the UnitedKingdom, and so forth. Further, some countries have different phonenumbers for different emergency services (e.g., in Israel, the emergencyphone number is “100” for the police, “101” for medical emergencies, and“102” for fire emergencies), while other countries have a unified phonenumber for multiple emergency services (e.g., “911” in the United Statesfor police, medical emergencies, and fire emergencies). When thelocation-based service 255 receives location information from thedevice, the location-based service 255 identifies one or more emergencyphone numbers based on the received location information. For example,if the location information (e.g., latitude/longitude, city and country)sent by the device 100 indicates the United States, the location-basedservice 255 identifies the “911” emergency phone number and sends it tothe device 100. If the device is relocated to Israel (e.g., the user ofthe device flies to Israel and carries the device with them) and thelocation information (e.g., latitude/longitude, city and country) sentby the device 100 indicates Israel, the location-based service 255identifies the “100,” “101,” and “102” emergency phone numbers and sendsthem to the device 100.

In some implementations, the contact information items include contactinformation for an embassy or consulate providing consular services. Thedevice 100 can include a user interface where a user of the device canspecify a “home country” of the device in a pull-down selection menuobject, for example. For example, if the use of the device lives inFrance and uses the device primarily in France, the user can specify“France” as the home country of the device. The home country of thedevice 100 can be included in the request to the location-based service255 as an additional parameter. The location-based service 255 canidentify the contact information of an embassy or consulate, of the homecountry of the device, that is nearest to the location of the device.The location-based service 255 transmits the embassy/consulate contactinformation to the device 100. In some implementations, the home countryof the device can be derived from user information stored at any of theservices 230, 240, 250, 255, or 260. For example, the user of the devicecan have a user account with (and stored at) the media service 250. Theuser account includes user information, such as the user's country. Thedevice 100 can set the home country to be the user's country from theuser account.

Thus, for example, if the home country of a device 100 is set to“France,” and the device is determined to be located in San Jose,Calif., the location-based service 255 can send the contact informationfor the French consulate in San Francisco, Calif., which is the Frenchconsulate that is nearest to the location (San Jose, Calif.) of thedevice. If the same device is relocated to Minneapolis, Minn. (e.g.,because the user of the device carried the device to Minneapolis, Minn.while traveling), the location-based service 255 can send the contactinformation for the French consulate in Chicago, Ill., which is theFrench consulate that is nearest to the new location (Minneapolis,Minn.) of the device.

In some implementations, the contact information items include othertypes of location-based contact information. For example, the contactinformation can include contact information for governmental servicesfor the determined geographic location (e.g., non-emergency policeservices or other law enforcement agencies, poison control, animalcontrol, hazardous material cleanup, weather services, park rangers,etc.), contact information for public utilities (e.g., gas, electricity,water, garbage, telephony, etc.), and so forth.

In some implementations, if the home country of the device 100 matchesthe current location of the device (e.g., the home country is the U.S.and the device is determined to be located in the U.S.), then whateverconsular information that was previously received from a location-basedservice 255 can be removed from the device 100 and the location-basedservice can omit contact information for consular services from thecontact information items transmitted to the device 100.

It should be appreciated that the examples of location-based contactinformation items described above (emergency phone numbers, consularservices) are merely exemplary. Other types of contact information canbe included.

In some implementations, the device 100 is operable to downloademergency contact information from a specific network location. Forexample, an enterprise can store emergency contact information for itsemployees at a network location. The device 100 can be configured todownload the emergency contact information from the network locationaccording to a schedule or by manual intervention.

In some implementations, the emergency information includes defaultemergency information and override emergency information for particularlocations (e.g., the campus or complex of a university, company, orgovernment entity). For example, the default emergency number for theUnited States is 911, but the emergency information can include a numberfor campus security at a university campus, and if the device 100 islocated at the university campus, the campus security number overridesthe default and is dialed instead of the default or the user can choosewhich one to dial.

In some implementations, the device 100 stores the received contactinformation items in address book data 374. FIG. 5 illustrates anexample data structure 500 for address book data 374. The data structure500 includes a one or more item entries 502. In some implementations,each item entry 502 includes an item name or identifier 504, one or moreaddresses 506, one or more telephone numbers 508, one or more optionalimages or photographs 510, one or more email addresses 512, and/or oneor more fields with miscellaneous information about the item. The datastructure 500 can store contact information items received from thelocation-based service 255. For example, entry 502-A includes theemergency phone number for Country A, and entry 502-B includes theaddress and phone number for the Unites States consulate at City X inCountry A. The user can view the received contact information byaccessing an address book application on the device 100.

In some implementations, the entries for storing the contact informationitems received from the location-based service 255 can be edited,manipulated, and deleted by a user of the device 100, as with otherentries in the data structure 500. In some other implementations, theentries for storing the contact information items received from thelocation-based service 255 are special or system entries within the datastructure 500; the user of the device 100 cannot edit or delete them. Insome implementations, the data structure 500 includes an additionalfield (e.g., a “special” field 514 in which a flag is set or not set,with a set flag being an indication that the entry is special) forindicating whether an entry is a special entry or not.

In some implementations, the user can also designate one or more entriesin the data structure as the designated contact information to use incase of emergency (“ICE”). For example, a user can store the contactinformation for their spouse in the data structure and designate thespouse as the contact person in case of an emergency by designating thespouse's entry as the ICE contact information. The data structure 500can include an ICE field 516 with a flag that is set or not set, with aset flag indicating that the entry is an ICE entry. For example, the ICEflag 516 for entry 502-C is set; “John Smith” is designated as the ICEcontact. The data structure 500 can have zero, one, or more entriesdesignated as ICE contacts.

In some implementations, when the user dials an emergency phone numberfrom the device 100 (by selecting an emergency dialing object 154, asdescribed below, or by manually entering the digits of an emergencyphone number, for example), the device 100 can automatically contact thedesignated ICE contact as well. The device 100 can automatically send anemail message to the ICE contact, dial the phone number of the ICEcontact, or send a SMS message to the ICE contact, for example. In someimplementations, the user can pre-compose a voice or text message andstore the message in the device 100. When the device 100 attempts tocontact the ICE contact automatically, the device 100 can forward thepre-composed message to the ICE contact (e.g., playing back apre-composed voice message while calling the ICE contact, sending theICE contact a pre-composed message in an email or a SMS message).

In some implementations, if there are multiple ICE contacts in the datastructure, there can be a hierarchy or some other order for contactingthe ICE contacts. For example, the ICE contacts can be contacted inalphabetical order by last name.

In some implementations, when the location of the device 100 has changedand the contact information items for the new location are differentthan that for the former location, the data structure 500 is updated toinclude entries with contact information for the new location. Forexample, the device 100 can delete the entries with contact informationfor the former location from the data structure 500 and insert entriesfor contact information for the new location into the data structure500. As another example the device 100 can, edit the entries thatincluded the contact information for the former location to includeinstead the contact information for the new location. In some otherimplementations, the entries for the former location can be hidden fromdisplay (but remain stored in the data structure) and/or cached ratherthan deleted. When the device 100 re-enters the former location andnetwork connectivity is unavailable, the device 100 can displayed thehidden or cached entries for the former location.

In some implementations, the device 100 can, during a scheduled updateof the emergency information, download emergency information formultiple countries. The information for countries in which the device isnot currently located is hidden from display. When the device 100becomes located in another country for which the information had beendownloaded, that information can displayed. This can be used to ensurethat information is available despite loss of network connectivity.

In some implementations, if the received contact information itemsinclude one or more emergency phone numbers, the emergency phonenumber(s) can be associated with one or more display objects 104 or 106.For example, if the device 100 is located in the United States and thereceived contact information includes the unified emergency phone number“911,” the phone number “911” can be associated with a display object(e.g., emergency dialing object 154), which can be displayed in thetop-level user interface, in a dialing keypad user interface, and otheruser interfaces of the device 100. When the user selects the displayobject associated with the emergency phone number, the device 100automatically initiates dialing of the phone number “911.” In someimplementations, the emergency dialing object 154 can show the emergencynumber associated with the object 154 (e.g., “911” while the device islocated in the United States), as shown in FIG. 6. In an exampleimplementation, the emergency dialing object 154 first displays an icon(as shown in as shown in FIG. 1), then displays the phone numberassociated with the object 154 (as shown in FIG. 6). The object 154 cango back and forth between displaying the icon and displaying theemergency phone number.

If the contact information includes multiple emergency phone numbers,one for each of a plurality of services, the device 100 associates themultiple emergency phone numbers with one or more display objects 104 or106. In some implementations, a separate display object 104 or 106 isassociated with each of the emergency phone numbers. For example, if thedevice 100 is located in Israel and the received contact informationincludes “100” for the police, “101” for medical emergencies, and “102”for fire emergencies, each of these phone numbers is associated with aseparate display object, and selection of any of these display objectsinitiates automatic dialing of the associated emergency phone number.

In some other implementations, the multiple emergency phone numbers areassociated with one display object (e.g., emergency dialing object 154).When the user of the device 100 selects the display object, a menu oradditional display objects (e.g., a drawer object 156 that slides outfrom the emergency dialing object 154, FIG. 1), indicating the multipleemergency phone numbers and/or the corresponding emergency service, isdisplayed when the user selects the emergency dialing object 154. Theuser can select one of the multiple emergency phone numbers/servicesfrom the menu to initiate dialing of the corresponding emergency phonenumber. The object 154 can be displayed in the top-level user interface,the dialing keypad user interface, or other interfaces of the device100.

Other ways of dialing a phone number associated with any of the receivedcontact information items are possible. For example, the user can accessthe address book (e.g., by selecting the address book object 150),finding the phone number in the address book, and selecting the phonenumber in the address book to initiate dialing.

The display object(s) associated with the emergency phone number(s) canbe displayed on any of the user interfaces of the device 100, includingbut not limited to a top-level user interface and a phone dialing orphone call management interface.

In some implementations, to maintain the freshness of the location-basedcontact information items (e.g., the emergency phone number, etc.)stored in the device 100, the device 100 can perform the process 400whenever particular events occur. In some implementations, the device100 performs the process 400 when the radio frequencytransmitter/receiver of the device 100 is activated. For example, thetransmitter can be activated when the device 100 is powered on or whenthe device 100 goes from flight mode to normal operation. In someimplementations, the process 400 is performed upon manual interventionby the user and/or periodically according to a schedule. For example,the device 100 can include a user-selectable command to force an updateof the contact information items received from the location-basedservice 255.

In some implementations, the process 400 can be performed when the usertries to dial an emergency phone number by selecting a display objectassociated with an emergency phone number (e.g., emergency dialingobject 154) or by manually entering the numbers. For example, when theuser selects the emergency dialing object 154 to initiate dialing of theassociated emergency phone number, the device 100, before dialing theassociated emergency phone number, can perform process 400 to update theassociated emergency phone number and then dial the updated emergencyphone number. As another example, if the user tries to dial a numberthat is well-known as an emergency phone number (e.g., “911,” “112”),the device 100 can perform the process 400 to receive the emergencyphone number for the current location and dial the received emergencyphone number if the number originally dialed by the user is not thecorrect number for the determined geographic location.

In some implementations, if the user calls (e.g., by manual entering ofdigits, selection from an address book, selecting a dialing object,etc.) an emergency phone number or a phone number for consular services,for example, the device 100 can automatically invoke a map functionalityand display a map showing the current location of the device (andpresumably of the user) and nearby physical locations associated withthe called emergency services or consular services. For example, if theuser called a phone number for a consulate, the device 100 can display amap showing the current location of the device, the location of theconsulate the user is calling, and optionally a route from the currentlocation to the consulate. As another example, if the user called “911,”the device 100 can display a map showing the current location of thedevice, locations of the nearest emergency services (e.g., policestation, hospital, and/or fire department), and optionally a route tothe emergency services. If the user called an emergency numberassociated with a specific emergency service (e.g., medical services),the device 100 can display a map with the current device location, thenearest location for the specific emergency service (e.g., nearesthospital), and optionally a route to the specific emergency service. Insome implementations, the device 100 can further transmit the currentlocation of the device to, for example, the called emergency service.Further, in some implementations, the device 100 displays on the display102 the address for the current position of the device 100. The user,while on a call, can read out the displayed address to another party onthe call. The address can also be emailed or sent in a text message to acontact.

The disclosed and other embodiments and the functional operationsdescribed in this specification can be implemented in digital electroniccircuitry, or in computer software, firmware, or hardware, including thestructures disclosed in this specification and their structuralequivalents, or in combinations of one or more of them. The disclosedand other embodiments can be implemented as one or more computer programproducts, i.e., one or more modules of computer program instructionsencoded on a computer-readable medium for execution by, or to controlthe operation of, data processing apparatus. The computer-readablemedium can be a machine-readable storage device, a machine-readablestorage substrate, a memory device, a composition of matter effecting amachine-readable propagated signal, or a combination of one or morethem. The term “data processing apparatus” encompasses all apparatus,devices, and machines for processing data, including by way of example aprogrammable processor, a computer, or multiple processors or computers.The apparatus can include, in addition to hardware, code that creates anexecution environment for the computer program in question, e.g., codethat constitutes processor firmware, a protocol stack, a databasemanagement system, an operating system, or a combination of one or moreof them. A propagated signal is an artificially generated signal, e.g.,a machine-generated electrical, optical, or electromagnetic signal, thatis generated to encode information for transmission to suitable receiverapparatus.

A computer program (also known as a program, software, softwareapplication, script, or code) can be written in any form of programminglanguage, including compiled or interpreted languages, and it can bedeployed in any form, including as a stand-alone program or as a module,component, subroutine, or other unit suitable for use in a computingenvironment. A computer program does not necessarily correspond to afile in a file system. A program can be stored in a portion of a filethat holds other programs or data (e.g., one or more scripts stored in amarkup language document), in a single file dedicated to the program inquestion, or in multiple coordinated files (e.g., files that store oneor more modules, sub-programs, or portions of code). A computer programcan be deployed to be executed on one computer or on multiple computersthat are located at one site or distributed across multiple sites andinterconnected by a communication network.

The processes and logic flows described in this specification can beperformed by one or more programmable processors executing one or morecomputer programs to perform functions by operating on input data andgenerating output. The processes and logic flows can also be performedby, and apparatus can also be implemented as, special purpose logiccircuitry, e.g., an FPGA (field programmable gate array) or an ASIC(application-specific integrated circuit).

Processors suitable for the execution of a computer program include, byway of example, both general and special purpose microprocessors, andany one or more processors of any kind of digital computer. Generally, aprocessor will receive instructions and data from a read-only memory ora random access memory or both. The essential elements of a computer area processor for performing instructions and one or more memory devicesfor storing instructions and data. Generally, a computer will alsoinclude, or be operatively coupled to receive data from or transfer datato, or both, one or more mass storage devices for storing data, e.g.,magnetic, magneto-optical disks, or optical disks. However, a computerneed not have such devices. Computer-readable media suitable for storingcomputer program instructions and data include all forms of non-volatilememory, media and memory devices, including by way of examplesemiconductor memory devices, e.g., EPROM, EEPROM, and flash memorydevices; magnetic disks, e.g., internal hard disks or removable disks;magneto-optical disks; and CD-ROM and DVD-ROM disks. The processor andthe memory can be supplemented by, or incorporated in, special purposelogic circuitry.

To provide for interaction with a user, the disclosed embodiments can beimplemented on a computer having a display device, e.g., a CRT (cathoderay tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor, for displayinginformation to the user and a keyboard and a pointing device, e.g., amouse or a trackball, by which the user can provide input to thecomputer. Other kinds of devices can be used to provide for interactionwith a user as well; for example, feedback provided to the user can beany form of sensory feedback, e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback,or tactile feedback; and input from the user can be received in anyform, including acoustic, speech, or tactile input.

The disclosed embodiments can be implemented in a computing system thatincludes a back-end component, e.g., as a data server, or that includesa middleware component, e.g., an application server, or that includes afront-end component, e.g., a client computer having a graphical userinterface or a Web browser through which a user can interact with animplementation of what is disclosed here, or any combination of one ormore such back-end, middleware, or front-end components. The componentsof the system can be interconnected by any form or medium of digitaldata communication, e.g., a communication network. Examples ofcommunication networks include a local area network (“LAN”) and a widearea network (“WAN”), e.g., the Internet.

The computing system can include clients and servers. A client andserver are generally remote from each other and typically interactthrough a communication network. The relationship of client and serverarises by virtue of computer programs running on the respectivecomputers and having a client-server relationship to each other.

While this specification contains many specifics, these should not beconstrued as limitations on the scope of what being claims or of whatmay be claimed, but rather as descriptions of features specific toparticular embodiments. Certain features that are described in thisspecification in the context of separate embodiments can also beimplemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, variousfeatures that are described in the context of a single embodiment canalso be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in anysuitable subcombination. Moreover, although features may be describedabove as acting in certain combinations and even initially claimed assuch, one or more features from a claimed combination can in some casesbe excised from the combination, and the claimed combination may bedirected to a subcombination or variation of a subcombination.

Similarly, while operations are depicted in the drawings in a particularorder, this should not be understand as requiring that such operationsbe performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, orthat all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirableresults. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processingmay be advantageous. Moreover, the separation of various systemcomponents in the embodiments described above should not be understoodas requiring such separation in all embodiments, and it should beunderstood that the described program components and systems cangenerally be integrated together in a single software product orpackaged into multiple software products.

Thus, particular embodiments have been described. Other embodiments arewithin the scope of the following claims.

1. A method comprising: receiving, from a mobile device and by a serverthat includes one or more computers, a request for accessing one or moreemergency services; determining, by the server, a current geographiclocation of the mobile device; identifying, by the server, an emergencynumber associated with an emergency service available at the geographiclocation; identifying emergency contact information, the emergencycontact information specifying a in-case-of emergency (ICE) contactdesignated by a user of the mobile device; initiating communicationbetween the mobile device and the emergency service using the identifiedemergency number; and communicating with the ICE contact using theemergency contact information, wherein communicating with the ICEcontact includes sending, from the server, at least one of a voicemessage or a text message to the ICE contact, wherein at least a portionof the text message was composed by the user prior to receiving therequest by the server.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the emergencycontact information comprises at least one of an email address, anidentifier of a text message service, or a telephone number.
 3. Themethod of claim 2, wherein communicating with the ICE contact includessending at least one of an email message or a short message service(SMS) text message to the ICE contact.
 4. The method of claim 1, whereinthe emergency number comprises a unified emergency phone number for aplurality of emergency services.
 5. The method of claim 1, whereindetermining a current geographic location of the mobile device comprisesreceiving the current geographic location from the mobile device.
 6. Asystem, comprising: one or more processors; and a computer-readablemedium storing instructions for execution by the one or more processors,the instructions operable to cause the one or more processors to performoperations comprising: receiving, from a mobile device, a request foraccessing one or more emergency services; determining a currentgeographic location of the mobile device; identifying an emergencynumber associated with an emergency service available at the geographiclocation; identifying emergency contact information, the emergencycontact information specifying a in-case-of emergency (ICE) contactdesignated by a user of the mobile device; initiating communicationbetween the mobile device and the emergency service using the identifiedemergency number; and communicating with the ICE contact using theemergency contact information, wherein communicating with the ICEcontact includes sending at least one of a voice message or a textmessage to the ICE contact, wherein at least a portion of the textmessage was composed by the user prior to receiving the request by theserver.
 7. The system of claim 6, wherein the emergency contactinformation comprises at least one of an email address, an identifier ofa text message service, or a telephone number, and wherein communicatingwith the ICE contact includes sending at least one of an email messageor a short message service (SMS) text message to the ICE contact.
 8. Thesystem of claim 6, wherein the emergency number comprises a unifiedemergency phone number for a plurality of emergency services.
 9. Anon-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions operable tocause a server to perform operations comprising: receiving, from amobile device and by a server that includes one or more computers, arequest for accessing one or more emergency services; determining, bythe server, a current geographic location of the mobile device;identifying, by the server, an emergency number associated with anemergency service available at the geographic location; identifyingemergency contact information, the emergency contact informationspecifying a in-case-of emergency (ICE) contact designated by a user ofthe mobile device; initiating communication between the mobile deviceand the emergency service using the identified emergency number; andcommunicating with the ICE contact using the emergency contactinformation, wherein communicating with the ICE contact includessending, from the server, at least one of a voice message or a textmessage to the ICE contact, wherein at least a portion of the textmessage was composed by the user prior to receiving the request by theserver.
 10. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 9,wherein: the emergency contact information comprises at least one of anemail address, an identifier of a text message service, or a telephonenumber, and wherein communicating with the ICE contact includes sendingat least one of an email message or a short message service (SMS) textmessage to the ICE contact.
 11. The non-transitory computer-readablemedium of claim 9, wherein determining a current geographic location ofthe mobile device comprises receiving the current geographic locationfrom the mobile device.
 12. The non-transitory computer-readable mediumof claim 9, wherein the emergency number comprises a unified emergencyphone number for a plurality of emergency services.
 13. A methodcomprising: receiving, by a mobile device, a request for accessing anemergency service; determining a location of the mobile device;accessing emergency information based on the location, the emergencyinformation comprising default emergency information and overrideemergency information, the default emergency information including afirst emergency number associated with a region that includes a venue,the override emergency information including a second emergency numberbeing associated with the venue; selecting a location-specific emergencynumber based on the location of the mobile device, including:determining whether the location of the mobile device is at the venue;selecting the first emergency number when the location of the mobiledevice is not at the venue, and selecting the second emergency numberwhen the location of the mobile device is at the venue; and initiatingcommunication between the mobile device and the emergency service usingthe location-specific emergency number in response to the request. 14.The method of claim 13, wherein the region is a country, and the venueis a campus or complex of a university, company, or government entity.15. The method of claim 13, comprising downloading, by the mobile deviceand from a server, the emergency information during a scheduledemergency information update.
 16. The method of claim 13, wherein theemergency information includes default emergency information andoverride emergency information for multiple countries.
 17. The method ofclaim 16, comprising: providing for display a portion of the emergencyinformation associated with a country that includes the venue, andhiding from display a portion of the emergency information associatedwith another country.
 18. A system comprising: one or more processors;and a computer-readable medium storing instructions for execution by theone or more processors, the instructions operable to cause the one ormore processors to perform operations comprising: receiving, by a mobiledevice, a request for accessing an emergency service; determining alocation of the mobile device; accessing emergency information based onthe location, the emergency information comprising default emergencyinformation and override emergency information, the default emergencyinformation including a first emergency number associated with a regionthat includes a venue, the override emergency information including asecond emergency number being associated with the venue; selecting alocation-specific emergency number based on the location of the mobiledevice, including: determining whether the location of the mobile deviceis at the venue; selecting the first emergency number when the locationof the mobile device is not at the venue, and selecting the secondemergency number when the location of the mobile device is at the venue;and initiating communication between the mobile device and the emergencyservice using the location-specific emergency number in response to therequest.
 19. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storinginstructions operable to cause a computing device to perform operationscomprising: receiving, through a user interface of a mobile device, arequest for accessing an emergency service; determining a location ofthe mobile device; accessing emergency information based on thelocation, the emergency information comprising default emergencyinformation and override emergency information, the default emergencyinformation including a first emergency number associated with a regionthat includes a venue, the override emergency information including asecond emergency number being associated with the venue; selecting alocation-specific emergency number based on the location of the mobiledevice, including: determining whether the location of the mobile deviceis at the venue; selecting the first emergency number when the locationof the mobile device is not at the venue, and selecting the secondemergency number when the location of the mobile device is at the venue;and initiating communication between the mobile device and the emergencyservice using the selected location-specific emergency number inresponse to the request.
 20. The non-transitory computer-readable mediumof claim 19, wherein the emergency information includes defaultemergency information and override emergency information for multiplecountries.
 21. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 19,the operations comprising: providing for display a portion of theemergency information associated with a country that includes the venue,and hiding from display a portion of the emergency informationassociated with another country.